Throughout the history of Iranian painting, prominent figures have emerged who caused a change in the field of Iranian painting through their different and distinctive art. Among these artists, Mohammad Siah Qalam is an outstanding painter of the Herat Timurid School. he has attracted the attention of art researchers due to his strangeness and specific divination. Mohammad Siah Qalam, whose identity is unknown, is a nickname for a painter who used limited colors of black, white, and brown in creating his works. His paintings are kept in three collections in Istanbul Topkapi Museum. These paintings are not similar to the usual Iranian painting style and are of a grotesque style. Their subjects are mostly demons and blacks and strange creatures with dark colors, depicted with simple backgrounds without any perspective, often performing dramatic and ritualistic movements. Some art scholars believe the subjects of these paintings originate from Chinese and Uyghur art, attributing him to be the painter of the Timurid court who traveled to China in the 15th century as a representative of Baisanqor Mirza, along with a political and commercial delegation, documenting his experiences in a pictorial form. The purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship and how the literary text of Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh affects the writing of Mohammad Siah Qalam and tries to answer the question: What are the common features between the characters of the grotesque painting of Mohammad Siah Qalam in his collection of demons, and the demons narrated in Haft Khwan Rostam’s stories in Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh? In his grotesque paintings, Mohammad Siah Qalam is mostly inspired by the story of Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh. This research is fundamental by approach, and the research method is descriptive-analytical-comparative. Information is collected through document libraries utilizing fieldwork and surveys. The research results show the thematic affinity between Mohammad Siah Qalam’s fiction and the themes of Haft Khwan Rostam’s stories. In the field of thematic influence, it seems that Mohammad Siah Qalam was more inspired by the narrative of Khan V and Rostam’s battle with Olad Diu. On the other hand, there are several visual and appearance commonalities between the demons depicted by Mohammad Siah Qalam and the demons described in Haftkhwan Rostam’s stories. Given that Ferdowsi seldom details the appearance of the demons in his narratives, the probability of Mohammad Siah Qalam influencing the depiction of these characters in Shahnameh should be questioned.